What does "lagering" refer to in the brewing process?

Lagering is a key step in the brewing process, specifically pertaining to how lagers are produced. This term describes the cold storage period that occurs after fermentation. During this time, the beer is kept at cooler temperatures, typically between 35°F and 50°F (1.7°C and 10°C), for several weeks to several months. This cold conditioning allows harmful compounds and undesirable flavors to settle out, resulting in a cleaner, crisper beer. The lagering process is crucial for achieving the smooth and refined characteristics that are hallmark traits of lagered beers.

This distinct process differentiates lagers from ales, which are typically fermented at warmer temperatures and do not undergo lagering. Understanding the fermentation and aging processes for different types of beer is vital for anyone studying brewing styles and techniques.